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W528X ADPCM VOICE SYNTHESIZER (PowerSpeech)
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The W528X family are programmable speech synthesis ICs that utilize the ADPCM coding method to generate all types of voice effects. The W528X's LOAD and JUMP commands and four programmable registers provide powerful userprogrammable functions that make this chip suitable for an extremely wide range of speech IC applications. The W528X family includes the W5281, W5282, W5283, W5284, W5289, W5285, W5286, W5287, and W5288. The ROM size of each of these products is shown below: BODY Second W5281 3 Sec W5282 6 Sec W5283 9 Sec W5284 12 Sec W5289 16 Sec W5285 20 Sec W5286 30 Sec W5287 40 Sec W5288 60 Sec
Note: All of the playback lengths are estimated by typical applications.
FEATURES
* * * * * * * * * *
Programmable speech synthesizer Wide operating voltage range: 2.4 to 5.0 volts 4-bit ADPCM synthesis method Provides 4 direct trigger inputs that can easily be extended to 8 or 12 matrix trigger inputs Two trigger input debounce times (20 to 40 mS or 160 to 320 S) can be set Provides up to 2 LEDs and 3 STOP outputs Every LED pin can drive 3 LEDs simultaneously LED flash frequency: 3 Hz AUD output current: 5 mA Flexible functions programmable through the following: - LD (load), JP (jump) commands - Four registers: R0, EN, STOP, and MODE - Conditional instructions - Speech equation - END instruction - Global repeat (GR) setting - Output frequency and LED flash type setting
* * *
Programmable power-on initialization (POI) (can be interrupted by trigger inputs) POI delay time of 160 mS ensures stable voltage when chip is powered on Can be programmed for the following functions:
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
W528X
- Interrupt or non-interrupt for rising or falling edge of each trigger pin (this feature determines retriggerable, non-retriggerable, overwrite, and non-overwrite features of each trigger pin) - Four playing modes: One Shot (OS) Level Hold (LH) Single-cycle level hold (S_LH) Complete-cycle level hold (C_LH) - Stop output signal setting - Serial, direct, or random trigger mode setting Four frequency options (4/4.8/6/8 KHz) and LED On/Off control can be set independently in each GO instruction of speech equation Independent control of LED1 and LED2 Total of 256 voice group entries available for programming Provides the following mask options: - LED flash type: synchronous/alternate - LED1 section-controlled: Yes/No - LED2: section-controlled/STPC-controlled - LED volume-controlled: No/Yes
* * * *
PAD CONFIGURATIONS
W5281-4
TEST TG1 TG2 TG3 TG4/LED2/STPC LED1 TEST4 OSC TG1 VDD VSS SPK TG2 TG3 TG4/LED2/STPC
W5285-9
OSC VDD TEST3 VSS
LED1
STPB
STPA
STPB
STPA
TEST1 TEST2 SPK
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W528X
PAD DESCRIPTION
PAD NAME TG1 TG2 TG3 TG4/LED2/STPC LED1 STPB STPA SPK VSS VDD OSC *Test1 *Test2 *Test3 Test4
* These pads only exist in W5285-9.
I/O I I I I/O O O O O I Trigger Input 1 Trigger Input 2 Trigger Input 3
FUNCTION
Trigger Input 4 or LED 2 or Stop Signal C LED 1 Stop Signal B Stop Signal A Current Output for Speaker Negative Power Supply Positive Power Supply Oscillation Frequency Control Test Pin Test Pin Test Pin Test Pin
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
W528X
BLOCK DIAGRAM
OSC
TIMING GENERATOR DATA ROM
*TEST1 *TEST2 *TEST3 TEST4 TG1 TG2 TG3 TG4/LED2/STPC LED1 STPA STPB CONTROLLER COUNTER & SHIFT REGISTER
ADPCM SYNTHESIZER
SHIFT REGISTER
D/A CONVERTER
VDD
VSS
SPK
* These pins only exist in W5285-9.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The W528X family provides up to four direct trigger pins, which can be extended to eight or twelve matrix trigger inputs, up to three stop signal output pins, an LED section control, and powerful programmable features. The JUMP and LOAD commands and four programmable registers can be used to program the desired playing mode, stop output signal form, LED flash type, and trigger pin interrupt modes. The chip's programmable features can also be used to develop new, customized functions for a wide variety of innovative applications.
A. Instruction Set Description
This section describes three types of instructions:
* * *
Unconditional instructions, which are executed immediately after they are issued. Conditional instructions, which are executed only when the conditions specified in the instructions are satisfied. END instruction, which is used to stop all device activity.
Instructions are programmed by writing LOAD and JUMP commands into the R0, EN, STOP, and MODE registers.
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W528X
Unconditional Instructions: 1. LOAD (LD) Command: LD R0, value: This instruction is used to load a voice-group entry value into register R0. The voice-group entry value may range from 0 to 255. The initial value of the R0 register is "00000000." LD EN, operand: This instruction is used to define the trigger interrupt settings by loading the operand message into register EN. The initial value of the EN register is "11111111." a. The operand is an 8-bit value that can be entered in decimal (default) or hexadecimal (with "0x" as a prefix). b. EN is an 8-bit register that is used to enable/disable the rising/falling edge of each of the four trigger inputs. The 8 bits correspond to the rising/falling edges of the triggers as shown below: Bit: TG: 7 4R 6 3R 5 2R 4 1R 3 4F 2 3F 1 2F 0 1F
where "nR/F" represents the rising/falling edge of the n-th trigger pin. c. When any one of the eight bits is set to "1" (default), the corresponding trigger will interrupt the current state at the edge indicated. When the bits are set to "0," the triggers will be disabled. d. The voice group entry addresses correspond to the interrupt vectors as follows: TG: Group: EXAMPLE: The instruction "LD EN, 0x41" is programmed. EXPLANATION: a. "41" is a hexadecimal value equal to the binary value "0100 0001." b. These 8 bits of data represent the following trigger interrupt settings: 4R, 0 RESULT: a. When the rising edge of TG3 (3R) is activated, the EN register will cause TG3 to interrupt the current playing state and jump immediately to voice group 6, the voice group that corresponds to 3R. 3R, 1 2R, 0 1R, 0 4F, 0 3F, 0 2F, 0 1F 1 4R 7 3R 6 2R 5 1R 4 4F 3 3F 2 2F 1 1F 0
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
W528X
b. When the falling edge of TG1 goes active, the EN register will cause TG1 to interrupt the current playing state and jump immediately to voice group 0, the voice group that corresponds to 1F. c. No action will be taken when the other trigger pins are pressed, because the corresponding bits are set to "0." LD STOP, operand: This instruction loads the operand message into the STOP register to set the output levels of the stop signals. The initial value of the STOP register is "XXXXX111." a. This register is used to program the output levels of the three STOP signals, STPA, STPB, and STPC. Only three of the bits in the register are used, as shown below (an "X" indicates "Don't care"): Bit: Stop: 7 X 6 X 5 X 4 X 3 X 2 STPC 1 STPB 0 STPA
b. When a particular STOP bit is set to "1," The corresponding stop signal will be a high output; when a bit is set to "0," the corresponding stop signal will be a low output. EXAMPLE: The instruction "LD STOP, 0x43" is programmed. EXPLANATION: a. "43" is a hexadecimal value equal to a binary value of "0100 0011." b. These 8 bits of data represent the following settings: X, 0 RESULT: a. The STPA and STPB outputs will be high outputs. b. The STPC signal will be a low output. c. The sixth bit "1" is a "Don't Care" bit and so has no effect on the stop signal output settings. LD MODE, operand: This instruction is used to select various operating modes. It loads an operand message into the MODE register to select one mode from each of four pairs of modes, which correspond to bits 4 through 7 of the register (bits 0 to 3 are "Don't Care" bits). The four pairs of modes and the corresponding bits are as follows: Bit: MODE: 7 Flash/DC 6 LED2/STPC 5 TG4/LED2_STPC 4 45 mS/350 S 3 X 2 X 1 X 0 X X, 1 X, 0 X, 0 X, 0 STPC, 0 STPB, 1 STPA 1
A "1" for one of these bits selects the first of the pair of modes indicated; a "0" selects the second of the pair. The initial value of the mode register is "1111XXXX." -6-
W528X
EXAMPLE 1: The four bits are programmed as "1111," so that the eight bits of the register are as follows (an "X" indicates a "Don't Care" bit): Flash/DC, 1 RESULT: The mode settings are as follows: be a. Pin 4 (TG4/LED2_STPC) is configured as a trigger pin (TG4), and the LED2/STPC option will ignored. b. The LED is set as a flash type, with a flash frequency of 3 Hz. c. The debounce time of the trigger inputs is set to 45 mS. EXAMPLE 2: The four bits are programmed as "0000," so that the eight bits of the register are as follows (an "X" indicates a "Don't Care" bit): Flash/DC, 0 RESULT: The mode settings are as follows: a. Pin 4 (TG4/LED2_STPC) is configured as either the LED2 or STPC output (determined by bit 6, LED2/STPC; see next item). b. Pin 4 is configured as the STPC output pin. c. LED will be lit constantly during operation. d. The debounce time of the trigger inputs is set as 350 S. 2. JUMP (JP) Command: JP value: Instructs device to jump directly to the voice group corresponding to the value indicated. The voice group value may range from 0 to 127 (direct jump). JP R0: Instructs device to jump to whatever voice group is indicated by the value currently stored in register R0, from 0 to 255 (indirect jump). LED2/STPC, 0 TG4/LED2_STPC, 0 45 mS/350 S, 0 X, X X, X X, X X X LED2/STPC, 1 TG4/LED2_STPC, 1 45 mS/350 S, 1 X, X X, X X, X X X
Conditional Instructions:
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
W528X
Conditional instructions are executed only when the conditions specified in the instructions hold. The conditional instructions are listed below. An explanation of the notation used in the instructions follows.
(Note: There are no conditional instructions for LD MODE.)
LD R0, VALUE @LAST: VALUE can be set from 0 to 255. LD R0, VALUE @TGn_STATUS: VALUE can be set from 0 to 255. LD EN, OPERAND @LAST: EN - 4R, 3R, 2R, 1R, 4F, 3F, 2F, 1F. LD STOP, OPERAND @LAST: STOP - X, X, X, X, X, STPC, STPB, STPA. JP VALUE @LAST: VALUE can be set from 0 to 127. JP R0 @LAST JP VALUE @TGn_STATUS: VALUE can be set from 0 to 127 JP R0 @TGn_STATUS EXPLANATION: @LAST: At last time of global repeat. @TGn_STATUS: When the status of the trigger specified (TGn) is in the condition specified, where the possible triggers and conditions are the following: TG1_HIGH TG1_LOW TG2_HIGH TG2_LOW TG3_HIGH TG3_LOW TG4_HIGH TG4_LOW
End Instruction:
END: This command instructs the chip to cease all activity immediately.
B. Program Structure Features and Execution Rules
1. There are eight hardware group entry points and 248 software group entry points, as follows: Group 8 H/W entries: TG1F: TG2F: TG3F: TG4F: TG1R:
(Continued)
0 1 2 3 4 5 -8-
TG2R:
W528X
TG3R: TG4R: 248 S/W entries: 6 7 8 9 . . . POI: 32 33 . . . 254 255 2. Execution begins from group entry and is terminated by END instruction. 3. A H/W trigger interrupt stops the group currently being executed immediately and begins a new group.
C. Mask Options
There are four mask options for the W528X family; the mask options are used to select features that cannot be programmed through the chip's registers. The options are the following: LED flash type (synchronous/alternate) LED volume-controlled: No/Yes LED1 section-controlled: Yes/No LED2: section-controlled/STPC-controlled
D. Speech Equation Description
The format of the speech equations for the W528X family is the same as that of the equations used in the Winbond W52160, W525XX, and W527XX series speech ICs. The following is an example of the speech equation format: GR = N H4+m1*SOUND1_FL+m2*SOUND2_FL+[1FFFF]+...+T4 END where GR = N defines the number of global repeats (from 1 to 16); m1 and m2 define the number of local repeats (from 1 to 7); Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
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W528X
SOUND1 and SOUND2 are the *.WAM files of ADPCM converted voice data; _FL is the section control setting, for which the parameters F and L are as follows: F: Voice output frequency setting: 0 = 4 KHz, 1 = 4.8 KHz, 2 = 6 KHz, 3 = 8 KHz; L: LED output setting: 1: ON 0: OFF; and [1FFFF] is a period of silence of length 1FFFF; H4, T4: Represent head and tail ADPCM files, respectively.
E. Programmable Power-on Initialization
Whenever the W528X is powered on, the program contained in the 32nd voice group will be executed after the power-on delay (about 160 mS), so the user can write a program into this group to set the power-on initial state. If the user does not wish to execute a program at power-on, an "END" instruction should be entered in group 32. The W528X power-on initialization process can be interrupted by trigger inputs.
F. Progamming Examples
This section presents several examples of how the functions of the W528X may be programmed. Customer programs should be written in ASCII code using a text editor; after compiling, the sound effects resulting from the programs can be tested using a Winbond demo board. EXAMPLE1: Four playing mode settings: a. One-Shot Trigger Mode 0: LD EN, 0x01 H4 + sound1 + T4 END The timing diagram for this example is shown below: ; Enable TG1 falling edge input only.
case 1:
TG1:
case 2:
TG1:
AUD:
Sound 1
AUD:
Sound 1
b. 0:
Level-Hold Trigger Mode LD EN, 0x11 H4 + sound1 + T4 JP 0 ; Repeat sound1 until TG1 key released. - 10 ; Enable TG1 rising/falling edge input.
W528X
4: END ; As soon as TG1 key is released, execute this group entry.
The timing diagram is shown below:
case 1:
TG1:
case 2:
TG1:
AUD: Stop Immediately
AUD:
Sound 1 Stop Immediately
c. 0:
Complete-Cycle Level Hold LD EN, 0x01 H4 + sound1 + T4 JP 0 @TG1_LOW ; If TG1 status is low level voltage (trigger is pressed), then j ump to 0; if not, execute next instruction (END). END ; Enable TG1 falling edge only.
The timing diagram is shown below:
case 1:
TG1:
case 2:
TG1:
AUD:
Sound 1
AUD:
Sound 1
Sound 1
d. 0:
Single-Cycle Level Hold LD EN, 0x11 H4 + sound1 + T4 END
* * *
; Enable both falling and rising edge input of TG1.
4: END ; As soon as TG1 is key released, execute this group entry. The timing diagram is shown below:
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
W528X
case 1:
TG1:
case 2:
TG1:
AUD:
Stop Immediately
AUD:
Sound 1
EXAMPLE 2: Retriggerable and Non-retriggerable setting a. Retriggerable: 0: LD EN, 0x01 END
* * *
; 0x01 = 00000001B, only TG1 falling edge interrupt is enabled.
END The timing diagram is shown below:
TG1:
AUD: Restart Restart
Sound 1
Sound 1
b. Non-retriggerable: 0: LD EN, 0x00
* *
; 0x00 = 00000000B, TG1 falling edge interrupt is disabled.
LD EN, 0x11 END
; Recover the TG1 falling and rising edge interrupt is enabled.
The timing diagram is shown below:
TG1:
AUD:
Sound 1
Sound 1
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
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W528X
PARAMETER Power Supply Input Voltage Storage Temp. Operating Temp. SYMBOL VDD-VSS VIN TSTG TOPR CONDITIONS All Inputs RATED VALUE -0.3 to +7.0 VSS -0.3 to VDD +0.3 -55 to +150 0 to +70 UNIT V V C C
Note: Exposure to conditions beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may adversely affect the life and reliability of the device.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(TA = 25 C, VSS = 0 V)
PARAMETER
SYM.
CONDITIONS MIN.
LIMITS TYP. 3 -5.0 3 -3 3 3 4 MAX. 5.0 0.3 VDD VDD 0.2 0.4 400 800 6 -6.0 3.3 3.3 7.5 -
UNI T V V A A A mA mA
Operating Voltage Input Voltage
VDD VIL VIH
All Input Pins
2.4 VSS -0.3 0.7 VDD -4.0 1 -0.5 10 15 1 -1 2.7 2.7 0 45 350
Standby Current Operating Current Input Current for TG1-TG4 SPK (D/A Full Scale) Output Current of STPC LED1 Output Current Oscillation Freq. LED2 STPA STPB
IDD1 IDD2 IOP1 IOP2 IIN IO1 IOL IOH IO IOL IOH FOSC
VDD = 3V, No Playing VDD = 5V, No Playing VDD = 3V, No Load VDD = 5V, No Load VDD = 3V, VIN = 0V VDD = 4.5V, RL = 100 VDD = 3V, VOUT = 0.4V VDD = 3V, VOUT = 2.7V VDD = 3V, VOUT = 1V VDD = 4.5V, VOUT = 1V VDD = 3V, VOUT = 0.4V VDD = 3V, VOUT = 2.7V VDD = 3V, ROSC = Typ. VDD = 4.5V, ROSC = Typ. F(3V) - F(2.4) F(3V) FOSC = 3 MHz, SR = 6 KHz
mA
MHz
Oscillation Freq. Deviation by Voltage Drop Input Debounce Time
FOSC
FOSC
% mS S
TDEB1 TDEB2
Notes: 1. Rosc = 1.2 Mohm for W5281-84, or W5285-89 in using three batteries. 2. Rosc = 1.3 Mohm for W5285-89 in using two batteries.
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6
W528X
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT
V DD
TG1 TG2 TG3 OSC VDD
Rosc
TG4/LED2/STPC LED1 STPB STPA
R
39/100 ohm Speaker 8 ohm 1/4 watt
SPK VSS
Cs Rs
8050 D
Notes: 1. In principle, the playing speed determined by ROSC should correspond to the sampling rate during the coding phase. The playing speed may be adjusted by varying ROSC, however. 2. Rs is an optional current-dividing resistor. If Rs is added, the resistance should be between 470 and 750. 3. Cs is optional. 4. The DC current gain of transistor 8050 ranges from 120 to 200. 5. All unused trigger pins can be left open because of their internal pull-high resistance. 6. R is used to limit the current on the LED. Case 1: VDD = 3V, R = 39 for 1/2/3 LEDs. Case 2: VDD = 4.5V, R = 39 for 2/3 LEDs and R = 100 for 1 LED. 7. No warranty for production.
SUPPLEMENT
A. Power Bouncing If an irregularity (such as bouncing) occurs in the power supply to VDD, as shown in the diagram, the W528X may hang or the logic state machine may lock up. To return the chip to normal operation, short VDD and VSS for the W528X and then release again.
Power bouncing
VDD Power on
Power on reset
W528x
Battery
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W528X
B. Ttigger Pin Coupling Effect The trigger pins (TG1-TG4) are built-in 500K pull high resistor. If the wire of the input trigger is very close to the speaker wire in the application environment, the coupling effect will occur. The input voltage of the trigger pin will be unstable, causing the trigger operation to become abnormal. An external pull high resistor (Ri) connecting the trigger pin and VDD can resolve this problem. The value of the Ri depends on your application environment.
VDD Ri TGn SPK
VDD
Headquarters
No. 4, Creation Rd. III, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan TEL: 886-3-5770066 FAX: 886-3-5792697 http://www.winbond.com.tw/ Voice & Fax-on-demand: 886-2-7197006
Winbond Electronics (H.K.) Ltd.
Rm. 803, World Trade Square, Tower II, 123 Hoi Bun Rd., Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong TEL: 852-27516023 FAX: 852-27552064
Winbond Electronics North America Corp. Winbond Memory Lab. Winbond Microelectronics Corp. Winbond Systems Lab.
2730 Orchard Parkway, San Jose, CA 95134, U.S.A. TEL: 1-408-9436666 FAX: 1-408-9436668
Taipei Office
11F, No. 115, Sec. 3, Min-Sheng East Rd., Taipei, Taiwan TEL: 886-2-7190505 FAX: 886-2-7197502
Note: All data and specifications are subject to change without notice.
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Publication Release Date: May 1997 Revision A6

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